Genetics, Hormones, and Why We Go Bald: Explaining Androgenetic Alopecia

Androgenetic alopecia, or pattern baldness, is the most prevalent form of hair loss in both men and women. It is driven by a combination of genetic and hormonal factors. Research shows that pattern baldness is an autosomal dominant genetic condition, meaning only one inherited copy of the associated gene is needed for it to manifest. This gene increases sensitivity to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a byproduct of testosterone, which contributes to the gradual miniaturization and loss of hair follicles over time. DHT levels naturally rise with age, exacerbating this process.

While pattern baldness is irreversible, treatments aim to slow its progression. Options include topical minoxidil to stimulate growth, oral finasteride to inhibit DHT, and laser devices. Hair transplants may also be utilized. Understanding the genetic and hormonal basis of pattern baldness is important for developing better preventative and therapeutic approaches to premature hair loss.